The Valence reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Valence

Valence is a somewhat outdated concept in chemistry. It is a number that tries to predict with how many neighboring atoms a certain atom can form a chemical bond. For redox reactions it has been superseded by the concept of oxidation number.

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In Linguistics, valence refers to the number of arguments that a verb can take. For example, a monovalent verb (such as "sleep", for example) cannot take a direct object. ("He sleeps," versus *"He sleeps it.") A trivalent verb, for example "give", has three arguments: the giver, the givee, and the thing given.

For a better explanation, see verb.

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In Psychology and Neuroscience, valence refers to the emotional value associated with a stimulus; e.g., a familiar face can have positive valence.

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Valence is the name of several communes of France:

• Valence, in the Charente département
• Valence, préfecture (capital) of the Drôme département
• Valence, in the Tarn-et-Garonne département

also:

• Valence-d'Albigeois, in the Tarn département
• Valence-en-Brie, in the Seine-et-Marne département
• Valence-sur-Baïse, in the Gers département

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