The Syntax analysis reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
(provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Syntax analysis

For people who check facts
Syntax analysis is a process on compilers that recognizes the structure of programming languages. It is also known as parsing.

Context-free grammar is usually used for describing the structure of languages and BNF notation is typical to define that grammar. Grammatical tokenss include numerical constants and literal strings and control structures such as assignments, conditions and loops.

Programss or code that do parsing are called called parsers. Yacc (yet another compiler compiler) is a program that generates parsers in the C programming language.

See also: lexical analysis