The Republic of Genoa reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Republic of Genoa

Helping orphans the way you would do it
During the Middle Ages, the city of Genoa was a strong Republic in its own right. It was absorbed by the French Empire and later the Kingdom of Sardinia.

During the height of its Republican powers, Genoa was an important sea-going state, with powers to rival those of its contemporaries, most notably Venice.

See also: Genoa, Doges of Genoa.