The Qianlong Emperor of China reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Qianlong Emperor of China

The Qianlong emperor in later years

The Qianlong emperor (Chinese: 乾隆; Wade-Giles: Ch'ien-lung), September 25, 1711-February 7, 1799, was the fifth emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China. The fifth son of the Yongzheng emperor, he reigned officially from October 18, 1735 to February 9, 1796, at which point he retired in favor of his son, the Jiaqing emperor - a filial act in order not to reign longer than his grandfather, the illustrious Kangxi emperor. Despite his retirement, however, he retained ultimate power until his death in 1799.

Table of contents
1 Names
2 Early years
3 Ascencion to the throne
4 Politics
5 Territorial expansion
6 Intellectual developments
7 Arts
8 Later years
9 Useful links for further information

Names

Given Name Posthumous Name
(short form)
諡號 (shi hao)
Temple Name
廟號 (miao hao)
Reign Name
年號 (nian hao)
Chinese; Manchu
Reign Years Name by which most
commonly known
Hong-li
弘曆
Chundi
純帝
Gaozong
高宗
Qianlong, 乾隆;
Abkai wehiyehe
1735-1796
(died 1799)
The Qianlong emperor



Early years

Ascencion to the throne

Politics

Territorial expansion

The Qianlong emperor was a successful military leader, presiding over a huge expansion in the territory controlled by the Qing dynasty, especially to the north and west.

Intellectual developments

Arts

The Qianlong emperor was also a major patron of the arts. The most significant of his commissions was a catalogue of all important works on Chinese culture, the Siku quanshu (四庫全書). He was a prolific poet and a collector of ceramics, an art which flourished in his reign; a substantial part of his collection is in the Percival David Foundation in London.

Later years

Useful links for further information



Preceded by:
Yongzheng emperor
Qing dynasty
and
Qing dynasty emperors
Succeeded by:
Jiaqing emperor