The Provinces of Vietnam reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Provinces of Vietnam

The country of Vietnam is divided into sixty provinces (known in Vietnamese as tỉnh). There are also five municipalities (thủ đô) existing at the same level as provinces.

Government

Vietnamese provinces are, at least in theory, controlled by a People’s Council, elected by the inhabitants. The People's Council appoints a People's Committee, which acts as the executive arm of the provincial government. This arrangement is a somewhat simplified version of the situation in Vietnam's national government. Provincial governments are expected to be subordinate to the central government.

People's Council

Each People's Council has a Standing Committee made up of the Chairperson and his/her deputies, who are elected from among the representatives in the People's Council. The Standing Committee has a number of functions, including representing the People's Council when it is not in session. There are also a number of other committees established to deal with specific issues. All provinces have an Economic and Budgetary Committee, a Social and Cultural Committee, and a Legal Committee. If a province has many inhabitants who are not ethnically Vietnamese, there will probably be a Committee for Ethnic Affairs as well.

Citizens are eligible to vote in People's Council elections from when they are aged eighteen, but cannot stand for election until they are aged twenty-one. To become a candidate, one can either nominate oneself or be selected by the Fatherland Front. Nominated candidates are then voted on at "voters' conferences", which are organized by the Fatherland Front. Attendees determine, sometimes by secret balot and sometimes by a show of hands, whether candidates meet the criteria set down by the People's Council. Candidates who the conference does not "express trust" in cannot stand for election.

The number of candidates elected per voting district is between one and three. There must be more candidates standing in each district than there are seats to be filled.

People's Committee

The People's Committee is, as mentioned previously, the executive arm of a provincial government, and is responsible for formulating and implementing policy. It may be thought of as the equivalent of a cabinet. The People's Committee will have a President and a Vice-President, and between nine or eleven ordinary members.

List and statistics

The most populous top-level administrative unit in Vietnam is Ho Chi Minh City, one of the five municipalities. It has over five million people living within its official boundaries. The second most populous administrative unit, and the most populous province, is Thanh Hoa, with over three and a half million people. The least populous is Lai Chau, a mountainous province in the remote north-west.

In terms of land area, the largest province is Nghe An, which runs from the city of Vinh up the wide Song Ca valley. The smallest is Bac Ninh, located in the populous Red River delta.

Name	Capital	Population	Area		Name	Capital	Population	Area
An Giang	Long Xuyen	2,099,400	3,406 km²		Khanh Hoa	Nha Trang	1,066,300	5,197 km²
Bac Giang	Bac Giang	1,522,000	3,822 km²		Kien Giang	Rach Gia	1,542,800	6,269 km²
Bac Kan	Bac Kan	283,000	4,795 km²		Kon Tum	Kon Tum	330,700	9,615 km²
Bac Lieu	Bac Lieu	756,800	2,521 km²		Lai Chau	Phong Tho	227,600	7,365 km²
Bac Ninh	Bac Ninh	957,700	804 km²		Lam Dong	Da Lat	1,049,900	9,765 km²
Ba Ria-Vung Tau	Vung Tau	839,000	1,975 km²		Lang Son	Lang Son	715,300	8,305 km²
Ben Tre	Ben Tre	1,308,200	2,287 km²		Lao Cai	Lao Cai	616,500	8,057 km²
Binh Dinh	Qui Nhon	1,481,000	6,076 km²		Long An	Tan An	1,384,000	4,492 km²
Binh Duong	Thu Dao Mot	768,100	2,696 km²		Nam Dinh	Nam Dinh	1,916,400	1,637 km²
Binh Phuoc	Dong Xoai	708,100	6,856 km²		Nghe An	Vinh	2,913,600	16,487 km²
Binh Thuan	Phan Thiet	1,079,700	7,828 km²		Ninh Binh	Ninh Binh	891,800	1,382 km²
Ca Mau	Ca Mau	1,158,000	5,192 km²		Ninh Thuan	Phan Rang-Thap Cham	531,700	3,360 km²
Can Tho (municipality)		1,112,000	1,390 km²		Phu Tho	Viet Tri	1,288,400	3,519 km²
Cao Bang	Cao Bang	501,800	6,691 km²		Phu Yen	Tuy Hoa	811,400	5,045 km²
Dak Lak	Buon Ma Thuot	1,667,000	13,062 km²		Quang Binh	Dong Hoi	812,600	8,025 km²
Dak Nong	Gia Nghia	363,000	6,514 km²		Quang Nam	Tham Ky	1,402,700	10,408 km²
Da Nang (municipality)		715,000	1,256 km²		Quang Ngai	Quang Ngai	1,206,400	5,135 km²
Dien Bien	Dien Bien Phu	440,300	8,544 km²		Quang Ninh	Ha Long	1,029,900	5,899 km²
Dong Nai	Bien Hoa	2,067,200	5,895 km²		Quang Tri	Dong Ha	588,600	4,746 km²
Dong Thap	Cao Lanh	1,592,600	3,238 km²		Soc Trang	Soc Trang	1,213,400	3,223 km²
Gia Lai	PleiKu	1,048,000	15,496 km²		Son La	Son La	922,200	14,055 km²
Ha Giang	Ha Giang	625,700	7,884 km²		Tay Ninh	Tay Ninh	989,800	4,028 km²
Hai Duong	Hai Duong	1,670,800	1,648 km²		Thai Binh	Thai Binh	1,814,700	1,542 km²
Hai Phong (municipality)		1,711,100	1,503 km²		Thanh Hoa	Thanh Hoa	3,509,600	11,106 km²
Ha Nam	Phu Ly	800,400	849 km²		Thua Thien-Hue	Hue	1,078,900	5,009 km²
Ha Noi (municipality)		2,154,900	921 km²		Tien Giang	My Tho	1,635,700	2,367 km²
Ha Tay	Ha Dong	2,432,000	2,192 km²		Tra Vinh	Tra Vinh	989,000	2,226 km²
Ha Tinh	Ha Tinh	1,284,900	6,056 km²		Tuyen Quang	Tuyen Quang	692,500	5,868 km²
Hoa Binh	Hoa Binh	774,100	4,663 km²		Vinh Long	Vinh Long	1,023,400	1,475 km²
Ho Chi Minh (municipality)		5,378,100	2,095 km²		Vinh Phuc	Vinh Yen	1,115,700	1,371 km²
Hau Giang	Vi Thanh	766,000	1,608 km²		Yen Bai	Yen Bai	699,900	6,883 km²
Hung Yen	Hung Yen	1,091,000	928 km²

Map

Below is a map of Vietnamese provinces and municipalities as of December 2003. It includes the changes agreed to in November 2003 (namely, the creation of Dien Bien province, the creation of Dak Nong province, and the split of Can Tho province into Can Tho municipality and Hau Giang province).

External links

• News report from shortly before the latest provincial rearrangement (VietNamNet)
• Decentralised Government in Vietnam (Cardozo Electronic Law Bulletin)
• Provinces of Vietnam (Vietnam Tourism)

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