The Outer Mongolia reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Outer Mongolia

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Outer Mongolia makes up the independent state of Mongolia, while Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China.

Outer Mongolia was a political division of the Qing Empire. It consisted of the following four provinces (ayimagh).

  1. Chechen Khan Ayimagh (Tsetsen Han Aymag)
  2. Töshiyetü Khan Ayimagh (Tösheet Han Aymag)
  3. Sayin Noyan Ayimagh (Sayn Noyon Aymag)
  4. Jasaghtu Khan Ayimagh (Jasagt Han Aymag)
(ordered from east to west)

Jebtsundamba Khutughtu was the spiritual leader of Outer Mongolia.

See also: Altan Khan of the Khalkha