The Native American languages reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Native American languages

Native American languages

• Eskimo-Aleutian languages
  • Yup'ik language
  • Inuit languages
    • Inupiaq
    • Inuktitut
• Salishan languages
• Na-Dené languages
  • Athapaskan-Eyak
    • Ahtna language: 80 speakers, (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Beaver language
    • Chipewyan language
    • Eyak language: 1 speaker, (N. Barnes, 1996)
    • Northern Haida language: 15 fluent speakers, (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Han language: 7 or 8 fluent speakers, (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Holikachuk language: 12 fluent speakers, (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Koyukon language: 300 speakers (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Tanaina language: 75 or fewer speakers (M. Krauss, 1997)
    • Lower Tanana language: 30 or fewer speakers (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Upper Tanana language: 105 or fewer speakers (M. Krauss, 1995)
    • Tolowa language: 5 speakers (SIL, 1977)
  • Apachean languages
    • Jicarilla Apache language: 812 speakers, (1990 census)
    • Kiowa Apache language: 18 speakers, (1990 census)
    • Lipan Apache language: 2 or 3 speakers, (1981 R.W. Young)
    • Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache language: 1,800 speakers, incl. 279 Chiricahua speakers (1990 census)
    • Western Apache language: 12,693 speakers (1990 census)
    • Navajo language: 148,530 speakers, (1990 census)
  • Athapaskan-Californian
    • Hupa language: 8 fluent speakers, (James Brook, 1998, NY Times, April 9, p A1, A20)
    • Kato (Mattole-Wailaki) language: 10 fluent speakers(?), (Chafe, 1962)
  • Tlingit language: 700 speakers (M. Krauss, 1995)
• Algic languages
  • Algonquian languages
    • Cree language
    • Ojibwe language
    • Cheyenne language
    • Mohican
    • Blackfoot
    • Montagnais-Naskapi
    • Arapaho
  • Wiyot language
  • Yurok language
• Hokan languages
  • Lowland Yuman language
  • Cocopah language: 321 speakers (1990 census)
    • Maricopa language: 181 speakers (1990 census)
    • Mohave language: 234 speakers (1990 census)
    • Quiche language: 343 speakers (1990 census)
  • Upland Yuman
    • Havasupai language: 404 speakers (1990 census)
    • Hualapai language: 440 speakers (1990 census)
    • Yavapai language: 163 speakers (1990 census)
  • Chumash language
  • Pomo language
  • Shasta language
  • Washoe language
  • Esselen language
• Kiowa-Tanoan languages
  • Jemez (Towa) language: 1,301 speakers (1990 census)
• Eastern Keres language: total of 4,580 speakers (1990 census)
  • Cochiti language: 384 speakers (1990 census)
  • San Felipe language: 1,560 speakers (1990 census)
  • Santa Ana language: 229 speakers (1990 census)
  • Santo Domingo language: 1,880 speakers (1990 census)
  • Zia language: 463 speakers (1990 census)
• Western Keres language: total of 3,391 speakers (1990 census)
  • Acoma language: 1,696 speakers (1980 census)
  • Laguna language: 1,695 speakers (1990 census)
• Tewa language: total of 1,298 speakers (1980 census)
  • Nambe language: 50 speakers
  • Pojoaque language: 25 speakers
  • San Ildefonso language: 349 speakers
  • San Juan language: 495 speakers
  • Santa Clara language: 207 speakers
  • Tesuque language: 172 speakers
• Northern Tiwa language: 927 total speakers (1980 census)
  • Picuris language: 101 speakers (1990 census)
  • Taos language: 803 speakers (1980 census)
• Southern Tiwa language: 1, 631 total speakers (1980 census)
  • Isleta language: 588 speakers (1980 census)
  • Sandia language: 43 speakers (1980 census)
• Uto-Aztecan languages
  • Shoshone language
  • Paiute language
  • Tongva language
  • Comanche language: 854 speakers (1990 census)
  • Hopi language: 5,264 speakers (1990 census)
  • O'odham (Pima-Papago) language: 11,819 speakers total (1990 census)
    • Akimel O'odham (Pima) language
    • Tohono O'odham (Papago) language
  • Yaqui language: 406 US speakers, (1990 census)
  • Nahuatl language
  • Tarahumara language
• Penutian languages
  • • Wintu language
  • Chinookan languages
    • Chinook language
    • Wasco-Wishram
  • Maiduan languages
    • Northwest Maidu language
    • Northeast Maidu language
    • Valley Maidu language
    • Nisenan language
  • Oregon Penutian languages
    • Coos language
    • Siuslaw language
    • Alsea language
    • Kalapuya language
    • Takelma language
  • Plateau Penutian languages
    • Klamath-Modoc language
    • Nez Perce language
    • Umatilla language
    • Walla Walla language
    • Tenino language
    • Yakima language
  • Tsimshian languages
    • Gitxsan language
    • Nisga'a language
    • Tsimshian language
  • Molale language
  • Utian languages
    • Southern Ohlone (Southern Costanoan) language
    • Northern Ohlone (Northern Costanoan) language
    • Karkin language
    • Bay Miwok language
    • Plains Miwok language
    • Central Sierra Miwok language
    • Northern Sierra Miwok language
    • Southern Sierra Miwok language
    • Coast Miwok language
    • Lake Miwok language
  • Yokuts language
• Zuni language: 6,413 speakers (1980 census). Language isolate
• Maya languages
  • Yucatec Maya
  • Chol
  • Chorti
  • Quiché
    • Cachiquel
    • Kekchi
    • Tzutuhil
    • Pocomam
    • Mam
  • Huastec
• Caddoan languages
  • South Caddoan languages
    • Caddo language
  • North Caddoan languages
    • Pawnee language
    • Arikara language
    • Wichita language
    • Kitsai language
• Macro-Siouan
  • Siouan
    • Sioux
    • Crow language
  • Iroquoian
    • Mohawk
    • Huron-Wyandot
    • Oneida
    • Lenni-Lenape
• Ge-Pano-Cariban languages
  • Hixkaryana language
• Chapacuran languages
  • Wari' language
  • Tora' language
  • Oro Win language
• Mura languages
  • Pirahã language
• Aymara languages
• Quechua languages

See also: Language families and languages

This is the "Native American languages" reference article from the English Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. See also our Disclaimer.