The Monastery reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Monastery

The word "monastery" comes from the Latin monasterium, the lifestyle of a monk, or the place where monks or other religious live, work and worship in community; the word also referred to the cathedral or church used by the monks, or the cathedral chapter.

For a discussion of the history and development of monasteries see monasticism


		

Table of contents
1 Christian monasteries
2 Buddhist monasteries
3 Related articles

Christian monasteries

Can be of either monks (male religious), or nuns, (female religious). The names given to various types of monastic establishment include abbey, priory, convent and charterhouse.

A number of distinct monastic orders developed within Roman Catholicism. Eastern Orthodoxy does not have a system of orders, per se.

Augustinians, which evolved from the Priests Canons who would normally work with the Bishop: now living together with him as monks under St. Augustine's rule
Benedictines, founded by St. Benedict, stresses manual labor in a self-subsistent monastery.
Bridgettines
Carmelites, Contemplative Order
Carthusians
Celestines
Cistercians
Dominicans, Mendicant (preaching) order. They blend the active and the contemplative life: namely they practice contemplation, and go out to preach the fruits of that contemplation and encourage others to contemplate.
Franciscans, another Mendicant order, they were charged with preaching to the poor.
Trappists
Redemptorists
Christian Brothers
Visitation Sisters
Knights Templar

The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) is a religious order, having vows; but, it is not a monastic order, strictly speaking.

Catholic monasteries

Famous monasteries include:

Famous dissolved monasteries:

Orthodox Christian monasteries

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, a highest-rank monastery is called lavra.

The centre of Orthodox monasticism is Mount Athos in Greece, an isolated peninsula containing over a dozen ancient monasteries.

Other famous Orthodox monasteries include:

See also: monasticism, abbey, priory, cloister Look under the specific monastic order you are interested in, e.g. Benedictine, Cluny, etc. Broader treatment and a more complete list are available at the entry for Monasticism.

Buddhist monasteries

See also: monasticism, List of Buddhist temples

Related articles