The Madison (cycling) reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Madison (cycling)

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The Madison is an event in track cycling, named after the Madison Square Garden in New York, and known as the "American race" in French (l'Américaine).

The race format is a variation of the points race. Teams of two or three compete, but only one rider needs to be racing at any stage. Periodically, the teams change riders by "tagging" their teammates, usually giving them a push to transfer as much momentum to the racing rider.