Lists of incumbents
These are lists of incumbents, i.e. lists of people in various offices and positions, including heads of states or of subnational entities (in no particular order).
| Lists of people |
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| By name |
| By belief |
| By nationality |
| By occupation |
| By office held |
| By prize won |
Current incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles (main article and "Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes on 2004 in politics, and past leaders on 1957 (the first year-page to include them), lists of people associated with the American Civil War, World War I, World War II.
Various articles group lists by topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons, cabinet, chancellor, defence minister, ex-monarchs (20th century), finance minister, foreign minister, first names, head of government, head of state, interior minister, lieutenant governor, mayor, military commanders, minister, order of precedence, president, prime minister, Reichstag participants (1792), Secretary of State.
Religious leaders
Heads of International Organizations
Heads of State or Government (Defunct Entities)
Ancient World
Middle Ages
Heads of State or Government (modern entities)
List of national leaders - heads of state or government who are in office.
Africa
- Algeria
- Angola
- Benin
- Botswana
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Cape Verde
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Comoros
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the
- Congo, Republic of the
- CÃÂôte d'Ivoire
- Djibouti
- Equatorial Guinea
- Eritrea
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- The Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea-Bissau
- Kenya
- Kongo
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Libya
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Namibia
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Rwanda
- SÃÂão TomÃÂé and PrÃÂÃÂncipe
- Senegal
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- Somalia
- South Africa
- Sudan
- Swaziland
- Tanzania
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Uganda
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
America, Central and the Caribbean
America, North
- Canada
- Governors General of Canada
- Cabinet of Canada
- Prime Ministers of Canada (1867-)
- Deputy Prime Ministers of Canada (1977-)
- Ministers of Finance (1867-)
- Ministers of Foreign Affairs (1995-)
- Ministers for International Cooperation (1996-)
- Ministers for International Trade (1983-)
- Secretaries of State for External Affairs (1909-1995)
- Ministers of Citizenship and Immigration
- Ministers of the Environment
- Ministers of Fisheries and Oceans
- Ministers of Forestry
- Ministers of Health
- Ministers of Human Resources Development
- Ministers of Industry
- Ministers of Industry, Science and Technology
- Ministers of Intergovernmental Affairs
- Ministers of National Defence
- Ministers of Natural Resources
- Ministers of Pensions and National Health
- Ministers of Public Works and Government Services
- Ministers of Veterans Affairs
- Ministers of Canadian Heritage
- Members of the Canadian House of Commons
- Canadian senators
- Canadian order of precedence
- Mexico
- United States
- President of the United States
- Members of the United States Senate (current)
- Former members of the United States Senate
- Former members of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Justices of the Supreme Court
- United States Cabinet
- Secretary of State
- Secretary of the Treasury
- Secretary of Defense (prior to 1947, Secretary of War and Secretary of the Navy)
- Attorney General (head of the Department of Justice)
- Secretary of Homeland Security
- Secretary of the Interior
- Secretary of Agriculture
- Secretary of Commerce
- Secretary of Labor (before Secretary of Commerce and Labor)
- Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
- Secretary of Transportation
- Secretary of Health and Human Services (before united with Education in the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare)
- Secretary of Education
- Secretary of Energy
- Secretary of Veterans Affairs
- Other Executive Department Positions
- Director of the CIA
- Administrators of the Environmental Protection Agency
- United States order of precedence
- Hawaiian monarchy
America, South
Asia
- Afghanistan
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- Brunei
- China
- Chinese sovereigns
- Table of Chinese monarchs
- President of the People's Republic of China
- President of the Republic of China
- Premier of the People's Republic of China
- Premier of the Republic of China
- Governor of Hong Kong
- Chief Executive of Hong Kong
- Governor of Macau
- Governors and Chairpersons of Taiwan, see Taiwan Province
- India
- Indonesia
- Japan
- Rulers of Japan (Emperors, Regents, Shoguns and Prime Ministers)
- Emperors of Japan
- Prime Minister of Japan
- Ashikaga shogunate
- Kamakura shogunate
- Tokugawa shogunate
- Korea
- Mongolia
- Nepal
- Philippines
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- Syria
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- See China entry above.
- Tajikistan
- Thailand
- Turkey / Ottoman Empire
- Vietnam
Australasia
- Australia
- Cook Islands
- Fiji
- Chairmen of Fiji's Great Council of Chiefs
- Colonial Governors of Fiji
- Fijian Heads of State
- Governors-General of Fiji
- House of Representatives of Fiji - current membership (2004)
- Presidents of Fiji
- Prime Ministers of Fiji
- Senate of Fiji - current membership (2004)
- Speakers of the Fijian House of Representatives
- Nauru
- Presidents of Nauru, see Politics of Nauru
- New Zealand
- Governor-General of New Zealand
- Prime Minister of New Zealand
- Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand
- Minister of Finance
- Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Speaker of the House of Representatives
- Papua New Guinea
Europe
- Albania
- Andorra
- Andorran Heads of Government
- Co-Princes of Andorra
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Czechoslovakia
- Czech Republic, Bohemia
- Dukes and Kings of Bohemia
- Presidents of the Czech Republic
- Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic
- see also Czechoslovakia
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- German Kings and Emperors
- Presidents of Germany
- Chancellors of Germany
- Heads of State of East Germany
- Premiers of East Germany
- Ministers of the Federal Republic of Germany
- Vice Chancellor of Germany
- Foreign Minister of Germany
- Interior Minister of Germany
- Finance Minister of Germany
- Justice Minister of Germany
- Postal Minister of Germany
- Colonial Minister of Germany
- Naval Minister of Germany
- Defense Minister of Germany
- Economics Minister of Germany
- Agriculture Minister of Germany
- Labour Minister of Germany
- Transportation Minister of Germany
- Kings of Prussia
- Rulers of Hanover
- Rulers of Bavaria
- Rulers of WÃÂürttemberg
- Rulers of Saxony
- Rulers of Baden
- Rulers of Hesse
- Electors of Brandenburg, Dukes of Prussia, etc, see: Hohenzollern
- Counts, Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- German Field Marshals
- Gibraltar
- Greece
- Prime Ministers of Greece
- Kings of Greece (Kings of the Hellenes)
- Presidents of Greece.
- Greenland
- Hungary
- Iberian Peninsula: Spain, Portugal
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Ireland (up to 1922)
- High Kings of Ireland
- Lords of Ireland
- Kings of Ireland
- Lords Deputy and Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
- Chief Secretary for Ireland
- Lord Chancellors of Ireland
- Attorneys-General for Ireland
- Lord Presidents of Munster
- Lords Chief Justice of Ireland (up to 1924)
- Irish Masters of the Rolls (up to the 1870s)
- Priomh ÃÂÃÂireanna/Presidents of the Republic
- Irish Free State, ÃÂÃÂire and Republic of Ireland (1922-present)
- Governor-General of the Irish Free State (1922-1936)
- Presidents of the Executive Council (1922-1937)
- President of Ireland (1938-present)
- Taoisigh of Ireland (prime minister) (1937-present)
- TÃÂánaistes of Ireland (1937-present)
- Attorneys-General (1922-present)
- Irish Chief Justices (1924-present)
- Presidents of the High Court (1924-present)
- Irish European Commissioners (1973-present)
- Irish Foreign Ministers
- Northern Ireland (1921-present)
- Governors of Northern Ireland (1922-present)
- Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (1922-1972)
- Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- First and Deputy First Ministers of Northern Ireland (1998-2002)
- County Court Judges of Northern Ireland
- Ireland (up to 1922)
- Italy
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Monaco
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- see Iberian Peninsula above
- Romania
- Russia and the Soviet Union
- San Marino
- Spain
- see Iberian Peninsula above
- Slovakia
- Historic rulers of Slovakia
- Presidents of Slovakia
- Prime Ministers of Slovakia
- Parliament leaders of Slovakia
- see also Czechoslovakia
- Slovenia
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Members of the Swiss Federal Council
- Presidents of the Confederation
- Heads of the Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, see Military of Switzerland
- Heads of the Department of Foreign Affairs: see International relations of Switzerland
- Heads of the Department of Home Affairs
- Heads of the Federal Department of Finance
- Heads of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
- Heads of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs
- Heads of the Federal Department of Justice and Police
- Federal Chancellors of Switzerland
- Presidents of the Swiss National Council
- Presidents of the Swiss Council of States
- Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court
- Presidents of the Swiss Diet (before 1848)
- Members of the Swiss Federal Council
- Turkey
- see under Asia above
- United Kingdom
- Cabinet of the United Kingdom
- Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1721-present)
- Chancellor of the Exchequer (1559-present)
- Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (1968-present)
- Secretary of State for the Colonies (1768-1782; 1794-1801; 1854-1966)
- Secretary of State for India (1858-1947)
- Secretary of State for the Southern Department (1660-1782)
- Secretary of State for the Northern Department (1660-1782)
- Secretary of State for the Home Department (1782-present)
- Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1782-1968)
- Secretary of State for War (1794-1801; 1854-1966)
- Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (1801-1854)
- Secretary of State for Air (1918-1966)
- Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs (1925-1947)
- Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations (1947-1966)
- Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs (1966-1968)
- Secretary of State for Scotland (1926-present)
- Secretary of State for Wales (1964-present)
- Secretary of State for International Development (1970-1979, 1997-present)
- Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (1970-present)
- Secretary of State for Education and Skills (and preceding positions, 1902-present)
- Secretary of State for Employment (and preceding positions, 1916-present)
- Secretary of State for Transport (and preceding positions, 1924-present)
- Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport (and preceding positions, 1992-present)
- Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (1972-present)
- Secretary of State for the Environment (1970-1997)
- Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions (1997-2001)
- Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2001-present)
- Secretary of State for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (and preceding positions, 1889-2001)
- Lord Chancellor (1068-present)
- Lord President of the Council (1678-present)
- Lord Privy Seal (1307-present)
- First Lord of the Admiralty, see Admiralty
- Master-General of the Ordnance (1544-1855)
- President of the Board of Trade (1696-1782; 1784-present)
- Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (1413-present), see Duchy of Lancaster
- Postmaster General (1823-1968)
- Paymaster of the Forces (1661-1836)
- Master-General of the Ordnance (1544-1855)
- Master of the Mint (1572-1869)
- Treasurer of the Navy (1544-1836)
- Secretary at War (1661-1863)
- First Commissioner of Woods and Forests (1810-1851)
- First Commissioner of Works (1851-1937)
- President of the Poor Law Board (1834-1871)
- President of the Local Government Board (1871-1919)
- Secretary for Scotland (1885-1926)
- HM Treasury
- Chancellor of the Exchequer
- Lord Treasurers (1126-1714)
- First Lord of the Treasury (1714-1905)
- Commissioners of the Treasury (1714-present)
- Leader of the House of Commons (1721-present)
- Great Officers of State
- Officers of the Royal Household
- Legal Officers
- Judges
- Lord Chief Justice
- Master of the Rolls
- Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas (to 1873)
- Chief Baron of the Exchequer (to 1873)
- Members of Parliament elected in 2001
- Members of the House of Lords
- British monarchs
- Monarchs of England
- Judiciary
- Duke of Devonshire
- Bailiffs of Guernsey
- Tenants of Herm
- Bailiffs of Jersey
- Duke of Norfolk
- Seigneurs of Sark
- Tenants of Brecqhou
- Isle of Man
- Rulers of Wales
- Incumbents of Gibraltar
- Commissioners of the British Antarctic Territory
- High Commissioners of the British Antarctic Territory
- United Kingdom order of precedence
- Cabinet of the United Kingdom
- Vatican City
- Popes
- Vatican Secretaries of State
- Serbia and Montenegro
Middle East
Heads of modern subnational entities
Australia
See also the Canadian history timeline for a list of the premiers of each province in any given year.
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- Governors of American Samoa
- Governors of Guam
- Governors of Northern Mariana Islands
- Governor of Puerto Rico
- Governors of U.S. Virgin Islands
Municipal leaders
- Mayors of Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Mayors of Berlin, Germany
- Mayors of Chicago, USA
- Mayors of Dallas, Texas, USA
- Mayors of Denver, Colorado, USA
- Mayors of Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Lord Mayor of Dublin, Ireland
- Mayors of Houston, Texas, USA
- Mayors of Littleton, Colorado, USA
- Lord Mayor of London, UK, head of the Corporation of London (not to be confused with the Mayor of London)
- Mayors of London, Ontario, Canada
- Mayors of Los Angeles, California, USA
- Mayors of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Mayors of Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Mayors of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Mayors of New York City, USA
- Mayors of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Mayors of Sacramento, California, USA
- Mayors of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mayors of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Mayors of Vancouver, Washington, USA
- Mayors of Washington, D.C, USA
External links
- http://rulers.org - detailed lists from 1700.
- http://www.friesian.com/philhist.htm - lists of incumbents including historical analysis of their eras.
- http://www.kessler-web.co.uk/HistoryFiles.htm - list of rulers of all states
- Regnal Chronologies - detailed worldwide lists, and comments on who was in control during non-sovereign eras, from earliest times to the present.