.
| Case
| Usage
| Example
| Example language(s)
|
| Abessive case
| by lack of something
| without the house
| Finnish
|
| Ablative case (1)
| all-round indirect case
| concerning the house
| Latin, Sanskrit
|
| Ablative case (2)
| movement away from something.
| away from the house
| Finnish
|
| Absolutive case
| subjects of intransitive verbs; object of transitive verbs
| the house [v.i.]; [v.t.] the house
| Basque
|
| Accusative case
| direct object; receives the action directly
| [verb] the house
| German, Esperanto, Latin, Russian, Serbian
|
| Adessive case
| adjacent location
| near / at / by the house
| Finnish
|
| Allative case
| movement onto something.
| onto the house
| Finnish
|
| Comitative case
| in company of something.
| with the house
| Estonian, Hungarian
|
| Dative case
| shows direction or receiver; indirect object
| for/to the house
| German, Latin, Russian, Serbian, Hindi
|
| Dedative case (Respective)
| related to something.
| related to the house
| Quenya
|
| Elative case
| out of something.
| out of the house
| Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian
|
| Ergative case
| like nominative, if the subject performs a transitive verb
| the house [v.t.]
| Basque, Samoan, Chechen, Inuktitut
|
| Essive case
| marking a condition
| as the house
| Finnish, Middle Egyptian
|
| Genitive case
| shows relationship, possession
| of the house
| German, Latin, Russian, Serbian, Greek, Dutch
|
| Illative case
| movement into something.
| into the house
| Finnish
|
| Inessive case
| inside something.
| inside the house
| Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian
|
| Instrumental case / Instructive case
| marking the usage
| by means of the house
| Russian, Serbian, Finnish, Sanskrit
|
| Locative case
| location
| at / on / in the house
| Serbian, Klingon, Sanskrit, Latvian
|
| Nominative case
| normal subject case, with or without intransitive or transitive verb
| the house
| nearly every language
|
| Oblique case
| all-round case
| concerning the house
| Hindi
|
| Partitive case
| used for amounts
| [three] of the houses
| Finnish
|
| Possessive case
| direct possession of something.
| owned by the house
| Quenya
|
| Postpositional case
| when a postposition follows the noun
| the house in / by / with
| Hindi
|
| Prepositional case
| when a preposition precedes the noun
| in / by / with... the house
| Russian
|
| Prolative case
| movement using a surface or way
| by way of / through the house
| Estonian, Finnish
|
| Respective case (Dedative)
| related to something.
| related to the house
| Quenya
|
| Terminative case
| marking the end of a movement or time
| until / unto the house
| Estonian
|
| Translative case
| change of a condition into another
| [to change] into the house
| Finnish, Hungarian
|
| Vocative case
| used for addressing someone
| House!
| Latin, Greek, Serbian, Sanskrit
|