James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed
James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed (August 21, 1670- June 12, 1734) was a French military leader, illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill.FitzJames was born at Moulins in France before his father's accession to the throne, and was brought up a Roman Catholic. He went into the service of Charles, Duke of Lorraine and was created Duke of Berwick by his father in 1687. In the following year, James was overthrown and Berwick went into exile with him, taking an active part in the Irish campaign, including the Battle of the Boyne. As a result of distinguished service in the War of the Spanish Succession, he was created a marshal of France in 1706 and defeated the English at the Battle of Almansa. In 1733, he was chosen to lead the army of the Rhine in the War of the Polish Succession, but was killed by a cannon ball at the siege of Phillippsburg.
FitzJames had children by both his marriages: to Honora Bourke and Anne Bulkely. His descendants were the French Dukes of FitzJames and the Spanish Dukes of Liria.
| Preceded by: New Creation | Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed | Followed by: Forfeit |
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