The Espionage reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Espionage

Espionage is the governmental or corporate practice of obtaining secrets (spying) from rivals or enemies for military, political, or economic advantage. A spy is an agent employed to obtain such secrets. Historically the definition was restricted to a state spying on potential or actual enemies, primarily for military purposes, but has extended to spying involving corporations, known specifically as Industrial espionage. Most nations routinely spy on their enemies, and allies, although they generally deny this. Black's Law Dictionary (1990) defines espionage as: "...gathering, transmitting, or losing...[information related to the national defense]." Espionage, by a citizen of the target state, is generally considered to be a form of treason.

The Cold War involved intense espionage activity between the United States of America and its allies and the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China and their allies, particulary related to nuclear weapons secrets.

Recently, espionage agencies have targeted the illegal drug trade and terroristss.

Sometimes a spy carries a suicide pill to swallow when captured.

See: Cold War espionage

Table of contents
1 Spies in various conflicts
2 Notable spies or alleged spies
3 Espionage organizations
4 Intelligence disciplines
5 Espionage technology and techniques
6 Counter-espionage technology and techniques
7 External links
8 See also

Spies in various conflicts

Notable spies or alleged spies

for United States (CIA)

for Soviet Union (KGB)

for Israel (Mossad)

for United Kingdom/England (MI5/MI6)

for East Germany (Stasi)

for France

for Germany

Unknown affiliation

Fictional spies

Espionage organizations

See also Intelligence agencies and Special Operations Executive

Intelligence disciplines

See List of intelligence gathering disciplines

Espionage technology and techniques

Counter-espionage technology and techniques

External links

See also

Secret agent, Spy fiction, numbers station, surveillance, List of cryptographers.