Deficit
A budget deficit occurs when an entity (often a government) spends more money than it takes in. The opposite is a budget surplus. Budget deficits are important political issues. "Starve-the-beast" strategies usually lead to high budget deficits. Note that this is distinct from the government's debt (often called the national debt), which results from an accumulated deficit across a number of years. That is, a budget deficit leads to an increase in an entity's debt to others.
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From 1970 to 1997, the United States Government ran significant deficits. By 1998, budget surpluses became common, lasting through 2001; the U.S. deficit for fiscal year 2003 was $374.2 billion.
An issue about counting so-called "off-budget" items such as Social Security, which are presently running a large surplus, complicates discussion of budget deficits.
The United States
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