Crown corporation
A Crown corporation in Commonwealth countries refers to a state-controlled company or enterprise (a public corporation).Crown corporations, in theory, operate at arm's length from the political control of government. Direct control by government is achieved by establishing the corporation's budget and appointing its chairperson and/or directors.
In Canada, Crown corporations are operated by all three levels of government: municipal, provincial, and federal, as a means to pursue economic and social objectives. Canadian Crown corporations are used to control everything from the distribution, use, and price of certain goods and services, to energy development, resource extraction, public transportation, cultural promotion, and property management. They are also frequently used to give governments access to financial markets to provide financing for development and capital projects.
One of the most significant Canadian Crown corporations of the 20th century in terms of its number of employees, and its far-reaching impact into the everyday lives of Canadians, was the Canadian National Railway, which in turn spun-off the CBC, VIA Rail, Air Canada, and Marine Atlantic.
Examples of federal Crown corporations in Canada:
- CBC
- VIA Rail
- Canada Council
- Canada Post
- Farm Credit Corporation
- Canada Lands Company
- Canadian Wheat Board
- Marine Atlantic
- Business Development Bank
- DEVCO
- Export Development Canada
- Ontario Power Generation
- Hydro One
- Hydro Quebec
- SaskTel
- TV Ontario
- Insurance Corporation of British Columbia
- NB Power
- GO Transit
- Sydney Steel Corporation
- Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro
- BC Ferries
- Manitoba Hydro
- SociÃÂétÃÂé de transport de MontrÃÂéal
- Toronto Hydro
- Toronto Transit Commission
- Saint John Energy
- OC Transpo
- Air Canada
- Canadian National Railway
- Nova Scotia Power
- Saskatchewan Wheat Pool
- Petro-Canada
- Teleglobe