The Armed Freedom reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004
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Armed Freedom

The figure of Armed Freedom was dedicated December 2, 1863, during the American Civil War in the hope that the ceremony would boost the morale of the Union troops. The figure is a woman holding a sword in its sheath in her right hand and a shield and victory wreath in her left. She wears a helmet with stars and an eagle's head. For many years, most people thought that Armed Freedom was a Indian because of the difficulty of seeing her (she's over 300 feet off the ground atop the dome of the United States Capitol) and the eagle feathers on her helmet. The statue was sculpted by Thomas Crawford. The casting of Armed Freedom in bronze was delayed for six years due to financial difficulties and the outbreak of the Civil War.