1843 in science

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The year 1843 CE in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

See also: 1842 in science, other events of 1843, 1844 in science and the list of years in science.

Table of contents

1 Astronomy
2 Chemistry
3 Mathematics
4 Physics
5 Technology
6 Awards
7 Births
8 Deaths

Astronomy

John Couch Adams predicts the existence and location of Neptune from irregularities in the orbit of Uranus
Heinrich Schwabe reports a periodic change in the number of sunspots: they wax and wan in number according to a ten-year cycle

Chemistry

Carl Mosander discovers Terbium and Erbium

Mathematics

Pierre-Alphonse Laurent discovers and presents the Laurent expansion theorem

William Rowan Hamilton discovers the calculus of quaternions and deduces that they are non-commutative
Arthur Cayley and James Joseph Sylvester found the algebraic invariant theory

Physics

James Joule experimentally finds the mechanical equivalent of heat

Technology

Launch of SS Great Britain, the first iron-hulled, propeller-driven ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean
Robert Stirling and his brother James convert a steam engine at a Dundee factory to operate as a Stirling engine
The first public telegraph line in the United Kingdom is laid between Paddington and Slough
Completion of the Thames Tunnel, the first underwater tunnel in the world

Awards

Copley Medal: Jean-Baptiste Dumas
Wollaston Medal for Geology: Jean-Baptiste Elie de Beaumont; Pierre Armand Dufrenoy

Births

June 12 - David Gill, astronomer († 1914)
December 11 - Robert Koch, physician, famous for the discovery of the tubercle bacillus (1882) and the cholera bacillus (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905 († 1910)

Deaths

July 25 - Charles Macintosh, inventor of a waterproof fabric (* 1766)
September 19 - Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, mathematician, discoverer of the Coriolis effect (* 1792)